AIM To investigate the relationship between anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and to make a comparison with non-glaucoma controls in a Nigerian population. METHOD A cross-sectional analytical study of 62 eyes of 62 newly diagnosed patients with primary open angle glaucoma who were age and sex-matched with 62 control subjects (62 eyes) at the Eye Centre, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile – Ife, Nigeria. Socio-demographic data obtained included age, sex, tribe, occupation and level of education. Weight, height and body mass index were documented. Ocular examinations include visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy and automated perimetry were performed. Lens thickness and anterior chamber depth were measured using A-scan ultrasonography and partial coherence laser interferometry, respectively. Data obtained from the right eye were analysed using SPSS (version 19). Discrete quantitative and continuous variables were examined using chi-square test and independent t-test, respectively. Coefficient of correlation tests were carried out to examine the relationship between variables at the level of significance set at p≤ 0.05.