BACKGROUND Several studies have shown high prevalence of HIV sero-discordance among heterosexual couples in Africa. There is evidence that married or cohabitating serodiscordant couples are important source of new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. This study, therefore, was undertaken to determine the prevalence of female sero-discordance, and assess the possible socio-demographic, behavioral, clinical and laboratory parameters that may be significantly associated with female serodiscordance among HIV positive women attending PMTCT clinic in Federal Medical Center Owerri, Imo state Nigeria. The findings, it is hoped, will provide more insight on the dynamics of HIV transmission among discordant couples with the view of stemming incidence of HIV infection. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS This was a cross sectional study of pregnant women (and their partners) who tested positive to HIV I and II at the PMTCT clinic. DATA COLLECTION/ANALYSIS Data were collected from questionnaire and laboratory. It was computed and analyzed using computer software package for social sciences version 20 (SPSS, Inc. USA).The results were presented using tables, pie charts and bar charts. Pvalues< 0.05 at 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant.