This is a cross sectional study which was carried out among primary school children in Egor Local Government Area(LGA) with the aim of determining the prevalence and pattern of manifest and latent strabismus and amblyopia. A two stage systematic random sampling technique was used to select two thousand one hundred and thirty nine (2139) primary school pupils examined. Data was obtained using researcher administered questionnaires and ocular examination included visual acuity test, cover test, Hirschberg’s test, Maddox wing and Maddox rod test and dilated fundoscopy amongst others. Cycloplegia was achieved with tropicamide for cycloplegic refraction in 166 pupils. Computerized data analysis was done using Instat GraphPadtm version 2.05a software. The prevalence of tropia in this study was 0.89%. Esotropia was commoner with a prevalence of 0.56% while exotropia was seen in 0.33%. Infantile esotropia (41.6%) was the commonest pattern of esotropia while alternating exotropia (71.4%) was the commonest pattern of exotropia found. More than half (56.15%) of the pupils had a phoria. Heterophoria at distance (53.62%) was more prevalent than heterophoria at near (23%). While the presence of a refractive error significantly increased the chance of having a phoria at near P<0.05, it did not significantly affect the presence of phoria at distance (P>0.05%). The presence of strabismus did not influence the choice of sitting position in class. The presence of phoria was associated with poor academic performance but there was no significant association with tropia (P>0.05). The prevalence of amblyopia found in this study was 0.23% with majority (40%) resulting from anisometropia. Vision of 6/6 and better was recorded in the better eye in 93.03% of the pupils screened while refractive errors, amblyopia and immature cataracts were responsible for vision of 6/9 and below seen in the remaining 6.97%. Allergic conjunctivitis (16.5%) and refractive errors (6.64%) were the commonest ocular problems seen among primary school pupils in Egor Local Government Area. The above findings reiterate the need for the implementation and sustenance of an effective school eye health programme for early detection and treatment of ocular problems in children.