BACKGROUND Preterm birth can cause a lot of challenges to the developing ocular system, resulting in the visual abnormalities of different types and consequent visual loss. Apart from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), prematurity is associated with other ocular conditions such as increased incidence of refractive error, strabismus and cerebral visual impairment at different times at different stages of life AIM To determine the magnitude of refractive error, strabismus and cerebral visual impairment and their relationship with gestational age and birth weight among preterm babies aged 6 - 12 months of life at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital with an intention of improving the ocular care/visual outcome during a critical stage of life of children born premature. METHODS The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of preterm infants aged 6-12months at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. All consecutive, eligible babies whose parents gave consent were recruited by the researcher until the sample size of 126 was complete. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect bio data. The babies had ocular examinations including cycloplegic refraction, Ethical approval was obtained from University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) Ethics Committee.Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences IBM SPSS-20.The demographic data of the participants, frequency of refractive status and distributions of type of refractive errors were presented as frequency and percentages.. The relationship between the refractive errors and birth weight and gestational age was determined xiv using Pearson correlation. A p-value was set at less than (<) 0.05 was used to define statistical significance at 95% confidence interval. RESULT One hundred and twenty-six (126) participants comprising of 57 (45.2%) males and 69 (54.8%) females were recruited. The male to female ratio was 1:1.2. The gestational age ranged 28- 36weeks and the babies were aged 6 -12months. Most of the study participants had 0 to2.00DS hypermetropia. Majority of those with refractive status were six months old. The refractive error for which glasses should be prescribed according to AAPOS recommendation (significant refractive error) was seen in one baby giving a prevalence of 0.8%. There was a statistically significant relationship between refractive errors and gestational age/ birth weight. No cases of Strabismus and Cerebral Visual impairment were found in the study.