BACKGROUND OF STUDY Postoperative pain management is considered an important issue in clinical practice. Appropriate pain management is needed during the post-partum hospitalization period for preventing caesarean section related complications. Caesarean section is one of the most common operations performed in obstetrics. Patients who undergo caesarean delivery should have adequate postoperative pain relief so as to ensure maternal and neonatal wellbeing. Adequate pain relief after caesarean section results in early mobilization and mother to child bonding. Management of postoperative pain after caesarean section requires a balance between pain relief and undesirable side effects of drugs and route of administration. OBJECTIVE The study compared the analgesic efficacy of rectal diclofenac and intramuscular diclofenac for pain relief following caesarean section, the time interval required for demand of additional analgesic, the amount of additional analgesic agent required and the side effects of the drugs. METHOD This was a randomized controlled study comparing the effectiveness of rectal diclofenac sodium and intramuscular diclofenac sodium in pain control among patients undergoing elective lower segment caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State. A total number of sixty six patients that satisfied the inclusion criteria and gave consent were recruited. They were randomized into two groups (thirty three in each group). A group received rectal diclofenac sodium while the other group received intramuscular diclofenac sodium for pain relief, for duration of 24 hours, following caesarean section. DATA ANALYSIS The data generated was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows software version 17. Frequency tables were made and the results tested for statistical significance. Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation. 𝑡-test was used to determine the differences between the means of the two groups. For comparing categorical data, Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test were used as at when appropriate. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.