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PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY AMONG SUBJECTS SUFFERING FROM VESICO-VAGINAL FISTULA (VVF) IN ABAKALIKI, SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

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Supervisor: DR. NWEKE, DAVID NWOBA (MBBS)Abakaliki
Faculty: PSYCHIATRY
Month: 05
Year: 2014

Abstract

Background: The psychosocial stress associated with socially stigmatizing and discriminated illness carries with it tremendous emotional upheaval in vulnerable individuals; afflicted subjects may have difficulties in coping and as a result may manifest specific mental disorders. Vesico – Vaginal Fistula (VVF), one of these illnesses imposes enormous challenges on those afflicted. Objective: This study sets out to determine the psychiatric morbidity in participants with Vesico – Vaginal Fistula (VVF). Method: A total of 100 women with Vesico Vaginal Fistula were interviewed. Consecutive and consenting subjects with VVF that met the inclusion criteria were recruited from the National Obstetric Fistula Centre (formerly South East Fistula Centre), Abakaliki. A socio – demographic and Clinical history questionnaire was used to assess the socio demographic characteristics of participants. The General Health Questionnaire version 28 (GHQ – 28) was used to screen for possible psychiatric morbidity at the cut-off point of ≥ 5 indicating psychiatric caseness. All probable cases with a score of 5 or more on GHQ-28 were interviewed using the Present State Examination (PSE) component of Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuro-Psychiatry (SCAN). Psychiatric diagnosis was made in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Focus group discussion (FGD) was used to explore the experiences of the participants. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among participants with Vesico – Vaginal Fistula was 48.0%. Of the 48.0% psychiatric morbidity, 37 (37.0%) had major depression, 4 (4.0%) had generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), 5 (5.0%) had dysthymia, 1 (1.0%) had somatoform disorder and 1 (1.0%) had social phobia. Conclusion: A good number of the participants in this study had psychiatric morbidity. This may hinder complete recovery even after fistula repair. It is recommended that health personnel working in such settings should be trained to use simple screening questionnaire to identify patients with mental health problems.

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