Lead poisoning in children is an essential issue of public health significance in urban cities of the world. In Sub Sahara Africa the risk factors for exposure are often undermined, and only attracts the necessary attention from regulatory agencies in areas where mining activities occur, even though lead exposure from other undisclosed sources has been implicated as a causative factor in several childhood neurologic and hematologic disease. General Aim: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of lead poisoning, associated risk factors and clinical effects among primary school children residing in Asaba. Methods: Multistage random sampling was used for selection of three hundred and twenty (320) subjects between the ages of 6 years and 12 years attending primary school in Asaba. The Intelligence quotient (IQ) of the subjects was assessed using the Goodenough-Harris Draw-a-Person test, their nutritional status was also assessed by using the WHO BMI charts while atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to measure their blood lead levels. The haematocrit was assessed with the aid of a centrifuge, capillary tube and micro hematocrit reader while peripheral blood film was directly visualized under a microscope. Data analysis was done using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Logistics multivariate analysis and Spearman’s correlation.