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PREVALENCE OF NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS AMONG SELECTED BOTTLING COMPANY WORKERS IN ILORIN, NIGERIA

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Supervisor: DR. F.E. OLOGE, PROF. C.C. NWAWOLO
Faculty: OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
Month: 11
Year: 2006

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Exposure to excessive noise is one of the most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss worldwide. The manufacturing sector, including bottling companies, are places where such exposure is being encountered. AIM: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of noise induced hearing loss and the use of hearing protective devices (HPD) among workers exposed to excessive industrial noise in a bottling company. METHODS: A prospective study surveying workers of the production section (noise exposed area) of Nigerian Bottling Company, Ilorin was carried out in December, 2003 and December, 2005. Self administered questionnaire was used to extract information about worker’s demographic characteristics, drug, medical, and occupational history as well as information on use of hearing protective devices (HPD). Noise mapping of the various departments of the factory was carried out. Otological examination, tympanometry, audiometry was also carried out on selected subjects. Each worker, was interviewed, examined and assessed twice within the 2 year period. RESULTS: Eighty four workers, made up of 76 (90.5%) males and 8(9.5%) females were studied. Their mean age was 33.0 ± 7.6 in 2003 and increased to 35.0 ± 7.6 in 2005. The recorded noise levels in the production section ranged between 91.5-98.7 dBA. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among workers was noted to be 2 64.9% and 86.9% for test one and test two respectively. The degree of hearing deterioration within the two years of this study was between 3.1-10.9% for the right ear and 4.8-10.7% for the left ear. More than half (53.6%) of the workers do not have hearing protective devices (HPD). Of the 46.4% who have, only 38.5% claim to have used it regularly. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that there was high prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss and significant hearing deterioration among workers from exposure to excessive noise over a two year period. There is no change in the use of hearing protective device (HPD) over the two years. There is need to enforce existing occupational health laws in our industries to prevent noise induced hearing loss (NIHL), since it is eminently preventable. KEYWORDS: Prevalence, noise induced hearing loss, Bottling company workers

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