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PREVALENCE OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS (TYPE II) ANTIBODIES IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL, BENIN CITY,NIGERIA.

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Supervisor: Professor E. P. Kubeyinje Professor A.N. Onunu
Faculty: INTERNAL MEDICINE
Month: 11
Year: 2010

Abstract

This study was carried out in both the in-patient and out-patient units of the Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin city, Edo state, Nigeria over a three month period to determine the prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus -2 (HSV-2) antibodies in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients at the UBTH. A total of 92 consecutive HIV infected patients (39 males, 53 females) were screened for HSV-2 antibodies using the HERPESELECT ELISA kits from Focus Technologies, USA. HIV infection was confirmed using the double ELISA technique. Eighty-two (82) age and sex matched controls (44 males, 38 females) were recruited from patients attending the general out-patient clinic of the hospital and from apparently healthy looking staff of the department. The mean age of HIV positive patients was 38.91±9.42 with age range 18-65 while that for HIV negative persons (controls) was 36.77±11.64 with age range 18-65. The two groups compared well as regards age and sex. The prevalence of HSV-2 antibodies in HIV infected patients was 92.4% compared to 40.2% in HIV negative persons and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). With regards to age group, subjects in the age group 31-40 years constituted the most with HSV sero-positivity and there was an increasing relative percentage in HSV-2 sero-positivity with increasing age from 21-30 years and above. This was statistically significant (p<0.05). Very few patients (7) presented with genital lesions and all were both HIV and HSV-2 positive. Their mean CD4 count was 70.43±44.19 cells/μl. Gender and marital status were found to be predictors of HSV-2 acquisition with more females (71) than males (47) and more married subjects in the marital status group being positive for HSV-2 antibodies and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the association between multiple sexual exposure and HSV status for the general study group however for male subjects there was statistical significance (p<0.05) while for female subjects there was no statistical significance (p>0.05).

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