Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common public health problem worldwide and pregnancy associated with HBV infection even poses some unique and difficult challenges. It is estimated that nearly 400million people worldwide are chronic carriers of the virus. In sub-saharan Africa where the prevalence of HBV is high, mother-to-child (vertical) transmission is the predominant mode of infection. Vertical transmission of HBV in HBsAg-positive mothers is usually very high when the mother is Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive with a high viral DNA load. Mothers who are positive for HBeAg transmit HBV to their newborn in 90% of cases. Reduction or complete interruption of mother-to-child transmission of HBV will greatly reduce the number of HBV carriers in high endemic regions like ours. Aims and Objectives: This study determined the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and serological infectivity status among pregnant women in our centre. It also sought to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with HBV infection among pregnant women. Methods: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive study which involved consecutive recruitment of 500 pregnant women attending antenatal care or who delivered at the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. HBsAg and HBeAg tests were done using ABONTM rapid ELISA kits. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.