Background: Placental malaria is associated with certain adverse effects to both mother and foetus/newborn. HIV-infected pregnant women have significant alterations in both cellular and humoral immunity that increase their risks to placental malaria infection. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of placental malaria amongst HIV positive women. Methodology: This was a prospective longitudinal study of two sample groups (A and B) of eligible pregnant women recruited at booking at the antenatal clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Nigeria. Group A comprised 102 HIV positive women while group B (control group) consist of 102 HIV negative women. Both groups slept under insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and received intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) according to the WHO protocol on malaria prevention in pregnancy. They were followed up till delivery during which peripheral blood sample was collected from each participant at presentation in labour for packed cell volume (PCV) estimation. Thick blood films were made from the placental blood of each participant upon delivery to access for the presence/degree of malaria parasite in the placenta. Statistical analysis was both descriptive and inferential using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 18.0 for windows. P value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant