Aim: To determine the ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease in adult patients attending the Haematology Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba Lagos compared with controls. Study design: Case-control study Materials and methods: This study was carried out between February 29 and April 11, 2012 after ethical approval had been obtained from the Lagos University Teaching Hospital Health Research and Ethics Committee. Recruitment of consecutive consenting sickle cell disease patients (HbSS and HbSC) attending the Haematology Clinic was done, and they were age and sex matched with controls recruited from medical students and other patients’ relations attending other clinics in LUTH. Interviewer administered questionnaires were filled for participants after signing the written consent form. This was followed by examination which consisted of distant visual acuity, near acuity and intraocular pressure. Anterior and posterior segment examinations were done with a slit lamp biomicroscope, a non-contact +81D lens and a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope. Objective refraction was done with an auto-refractor followed by subjective refraction for participants who read less than 6/6 or could not read the N8 optotype. Data was analysed and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.