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NASAL CARRIAGE OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN HIGH RISK UNITS OF AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ZARIA

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Supervisor: PROF. A. T. OLAYINKA
Faculty: PATHOLOGY
Month: 11
Year: 2014

Abstract

Infections with Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a major challenge to healthcare delivery, because of the difficulty in treating them. Carriage of this multidrug resistant organism by individuals has been the means by which it persists in the environment. Healthcare workers tend to become colonized due to their close contact to patients and poor adherence to infection control. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out aimed at determining the nasal carriage of MRSA among healthcare workers in high risk units of ABUTH, Zaria as well as evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Using stratified random sampling, a total of 427 nasal swabs were collected, screened for MRSA using cefoxitin disk diffusion, then confirmed by testing for the mecA gene product using latex agglutination test for PBP2a. The isolates were also assessed for high and low level mupirocin resistance. Of the 427 health workers swabbed, 81 (19%) were nasal carriers of S. aureus, among which 10 (12.3%) were MRSA, given an overall nasal carriage of 2.3% for MRSA from the total population studied. Carriage was found mainly among doctors and nurses, with the highest proportions from oncology and orthopaedic units. Most (60%) of the MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant, but there was no case of high or low mupirocin resistance. This low nasal carriage can further be reduced if mupirocin is introduced for decolonization of carriers along with other infection control strategies.

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