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IRON STATUS IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE PATIENTS IN ILORIN

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Supervisor: Professor. J.O. ADEWUYI
Faculty: PATHOLOGY
Month: 5
Year: 2011

Abstract

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the commonest genetic disorders in the world. Sickle cell anaemia is characterized by lifelong severe haemolytic anaemia, periodic attacks of pain and chronic systemic organ damage. Some recent studies have shown that individuals with sickle cell disease who have never been transfused, particularly from developing countries are more likely to be iron deficient rather than have iron overload. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the iron status of SCD patients in Ilorin. Subjects and methodology: A cross-sectional study of 45 each of sickle cell disease patients (in steady state) and 45 controls were enrolled. Exclusion criteria include; sickle cell crisis within 2 weeks, blood transfusion in the previous 12 weeks before study and recent blood loss. FBC, sFC, sTfR, sTfR/log sFC index, urine for haemosiderin, stool microscopy were done on samples obtained from both the patients and the controls. Results: The mean patients serum ferritin (558.69 ± 424.98ng/ml) was higher when compared with the mean serum ferritin of the control ( 227.00 ± 230.95ng/ml). The mean serum ferritin concentration among transfused patients was higher than that of the untransfused patients. There was a linear relationship between age and number of blood transfusion (r= 0.505, p= <0.001). There was no significant correlation between haemosiderinuria and age (r =0.032, p =0.836) or number of transfusion received by patients (r = -0.148, p =0.333). Combining serum transferrin receptor, microcytosis and hypochromia only three cases (6.6%) were confirmed to have iron deficiency. The cause in two of them was traceable to chronic PUD. Conclusion: Iron deficiency is uncommon in SCD patients. Periodical monitoring of the haematological, biochemical, and clinical features for iron status in SCD patients is advised.

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