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INTESTINAL HELMINTHIC INFECTIONS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN GOMBE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.

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Supervisor: Dr. Jalo I, and Dr. Manga M
Faculty: PAEDIATRICS
Institution of Training: Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe
Month: 11
Year: 2019

Abstract

Intestinal helminthic infections are among the most common infections worldwide, it affects the poorest and most deprived communities and has the same geographic distribution with malnutrition. Intestinal helminthic infection contributes to undernutrition through subtle reduction in digestion and absorption of food, chronic inflammation and loss of nutrients. The North East has the highest burden of undernutrition in Nigeria and very little publications on intestinal helminthic infection and nutritional status of primary school children. This study therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthic infection and nutritional status of primary school children in Gombe Local Government Area of Gombe state, North East, Nigeria. A community based cross sectional study that used multistage sampling technique to recruit 375 pupils from 24 primary schools in Gombe LGA of Gombe state from July 2018 to January 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the subject’s socio-demographic variables, then subjects were examined for pallor and Oedema, weight and height were measured and stool samples were analysed using direct and formol ether concentration methods. Results were recorded in a Proforma and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The subjects were 350 pupils. Eighty-three subjects were infected giving a prevalence of 23.7%. Majority (96.4%) of the infected pupils were in public schools. The most prevalent helminth isolated was Ascaris lumbricoides 22 (26.5%), followed by hookworm 20 (24.1%) and hymenelopis nana 18 (21.7%) and the least was Trichuris trichuira 2 (0.6%). Others were Tinea species, Enterobious vermicularis and Schistosoma mansoni. Mixed infections were detected in 15 samples. Majority 43 (51.8%) had light infections. Thirty-four (41.0%) of the infected pupils were underweight, and this was statistically significant (P=0.004). The associations between intestinal helminthic infection with blood in stools (P <0.001), pallor (P 0.027), abdominal pains (p 0.023), low socioeconomic class (P 0. 004) and insanitary toilets in school (P <0.001) were statistically significant. Intestinal helminthic infection is a public health problem in primary school children in Gombe LGA especially in those pupils who are underweight and in public schools. Regular health education, improvement of toilet facilities, provision of water in public schools and de-worming of primary schools pupils at regular intervals are recommended.

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