Lack of data on eye disease in the pediatric HIV/AIDS population in Nigeria inspired this study. 168 confirmed HIV seropositive children (0-16 years) attending the Pediatric Hematology Clinic of the National Hospital, Abuja, whose parents or guardians gave informed consent, were recruited between December 2006 and May 2007. Aim: To determine the spectrum of eye diseases in these HIV seropositive children. Methods and Patients: The children were examined using the Silver & Sonsken’s Chart, Hundreds and thousands vision estimation, pen torch, pulsair tonometry, dilated ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy and retinoscopy where indicated. Analysis was performed in the context of age, gender, educational status, documented mode of transmission, clinical presentation and laboratory data.