Background: Prostate biopsy is one of the most commonly performed urological procedures. Several complications are associated with the procedure. Recent studies have drawn attention to the occurrence of voiding dysfunction following the procedure. Objectives: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of trans-rectal biopsy of the prostate gland on voiding function of patients undergoing the procedure. Patients, Materials and Methods: The research was a prospective cohort study carried out from February 2017 to July 2018 at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria. All consenting patients who had indication(s) for prostate biopsy and met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. The demographic and clinical details of the patients were obtained. Prior to the biopsies, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire was administered, and the Peak Flow Rate (PFR) and prostate volume of each patient were determined. Ten millilitres of 2% Lidocaine gel was instilled intra-rectally and digitally guided trans-rectal prostate biopsy was done using an 18G Tru-cut biopsy needle mounted on a semi-automated biopsy gun (Bard® Magnum® Reusable Core Biopsy System). International Prostate Symptom Score, bother score and PFR of each patient were re-assessed 7 and 14 days after the biopsy. Data on the development of post-biopsy acute urinary retention, presence and severity of haemorrhage following the biopsy and the histological diagnosis of the tissue sample were obtained. The data collected was recorded on a proforma. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 and p-value was considered significant if < 0.05. Results: A total of 68 patients were analyzed. The mean age, prostate volume and prostate specific antigen were 64.9 years, 60.5 grams and 28.5ng/ml respectively. The total IPSS, IPSS storage symptoms sub-score, bother score and PFR significantly deteriorated from the baseline value on the 7th day after the biopsy. Post-biopsy AUR occurred in 4.4% while significant deterioration in PFR occurred in 36.8% of the study population. Haematuria, rectal bleeding and haematospermia occurred in 54.4%, 39.7% and 4.2% respectively. The presence of blood clots in urine and previous AUR were not associated with the development of voiding impairment. Changes in IPSS, bother score and PFR values did not differ significantly between those with negative and positive histology for prostate cancer. Significant worsening of IPSS and PFR occurred only in those with moderate IPSS and PFR ≥ 15mls/sec respectively at baseline. Baseline bother score of 4 and below independently predicted increased deterioration in bother score after prostate biopsy. Conclusion: This study has shown that, apart from the usual complications of bleeding and infection, there may be associated significant Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and alteration in the quality of life, which spontaneously resolves by the second week after prostate biopsy in majority of the patients. Keywords: prostate biopsy, voiding function