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DO URETHRAL PLATE MEASUREMENTS PREDICT OUTCOME OF HYPOSPADIAS REPAIR?

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Supervisor: EMERITUS PROF NENE OBIANYO, PROF S.O. EKENZE.
Faculty: SURGERY
Month: 5
Year: 2017

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of length and width of the urethral plate on the cosmetic, functional and psychological outcomes of hypospadias repair. Method: It was a prospective study carried out on patients that presented with hypospadias, at the paediatric surgery unit of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. Ethical clearance was obtained for the study. The method of hypospadias repair was mostly by tubularized incised plate (TIP) using monofilament synthetic delayed absorbable sutures (polydioxanone [PDS] or polyglyconate [maxon]). Data were collected and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Result: There were 47 children who had their hypospadias repaired during the period of the study. The patients were categorized into 2 groups. Group A were those whose width of the urethral plate were less than 8 millimeters (mm). Group B represented those whose width of the urethral plate were greater or equal to 8 mm. The overall mean width of the urethral plate of the 2 groups of patients was 7.29 mm ± 1.88 SD (SD=standard deviation). Mean width of the urethral plate of the Group A patients was 5.64 ± 1.22 SD while the mean width of the urethral plate of the Group B patients was 8.76 ± 0.88 SD. Statistical analysis of the width of the urethral plate with respect to Hypospadias Objective Penile Evaluation (HOPE) score gave a p value of 0.725. Statistical analysis of the functional outcome, which assessed the urinary stream of the 2 groups (groups A and B), gave a p value of 0.04. The psychological outcome which was assessed using a questionnaire (appendix 2) with the assistance of the parents showed no evidence of psychological problem during the follow up period. Sixteen patients (34%) did not develop any complications. Twenty two patients (46.8%) developed urethrocutanous fistula, six patients (12.8%) developed meatal stenosis, and three patients (6.4%) developed recurrent chordee. Conclusion: This study showed that the cosmetic outcome of hypospadias repair cannot be predicted by urethral plate measurements. Thus the null hypothesis holds. However, the functional outcome of hypospadias repair can be predicted by urethral plate measurements. Thus the alternate hypothesis holds. These stipulate that the cosmetic outcome of hypospadias repair cannot be determined by the width of the urethral plate while the functional outcome can be determined by the width of the urethral plate. Keywords: cosmetic, functional, hypospadias, hypospadias objective penile evaluation (HOPE), outcome, urethral, width.

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