BACKGROUND: Renal manifestations of sickle cell anaemia range from functional abnormalities to gross anatomic alterations of the kidneys. As people with SCA grow older, the kidneys may progress to end stage renal disease (ESRD) if proper monitoring of renal function is not done. AIM: The aim of this study is to assess the status of serum and urinary sialic acid in sickle cell anaemia patients and correlate with plasma urea and creatinine in patients with and without renal insufficiency. METHODOLOGY:Venous blood and fresh urine samples were collected from participants at about 08:00hrs on the day of their appointment . The standard Ehrlich method was used in analysis of serum and urinary sialic acid .The Lowry method was used for analysis of urine albumin , the modified Jaffe method for plasma and urinary creatinine and the Urease Berthelot method for plasma urea