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CORRELATION BETWEEN UROFLOWMETRY AND INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM SCORE (IPSS) IN ADULT MALEPATIENTS WITH LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS IN PORT HARCOURT

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Supervisor: Professor Ndubuisi Eke, Dr. Oyeanunam Ngozi Ekeke, Dr. Monday Komene Sapir
Faculty: SURGERY
Month: 5
Year: 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) may obstruct the urethra, reduce the flow of urine and cause Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). Patients with LUTS can be evaluated using International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and uroflowmetry. IPSS questionnaire can assess baseline symptoms and monitor response to therapy. Uroflowmetry is used to assess the flow of urine. Problem Statement IPSS is an international standard for symptom score assessment. It is reliable and valid but has limitations. A level of education is needed to use the IPSS. Uroflowmetry measures some parameters and also has its limitation but can be used for assessment of patients with BPE. Uroflowmetry also requires a device and accessories which some centres may not have due to its cost. This study seeks to ascertain if IPSS can replace the uroflowmetry or if both IPSS and uroflowmetry are complementary. Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between IPSS and uroflowmetry in adult patients who present with LUTS secondary to BPE. Methodology The study was a hospital-based, descriptive cross sectional study of patients with LUTS secondary to BPE. Ethical committee approval and informed consent were obtained. Every patient had the study questionnaire and an IPSS questionnaire completed. Each patient also had uroflowmetry performed. The researcher filled the study questionnaire. Data was coded and entered using Microsoft Excel ® version 2010 and transferred into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) for windows (version 20) (IBM SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL) for analysis. Results: Two hundred and eighty six patients were evaluated but a hundred patients met the inclusion criteria and were further studied. The ages ranged from 48 to 93years with a mean of 64.71±9.75 years. The age group 60 to 69 years had the highest frequency with 43 (43% of patients). The mean Total Prostate Volume (TPV) was 83.02±32.28ml. The mean IPSS score was 22.13±6.34, the mean quality of life score was 4.60±1.38. The mean Maximum Flow Rate was 12.07±6.65ml/s and the mean Average Flow Rate was 4.91±3.50ml/s.There was a statistically significant strong negative correlation between IPSS and Maximum Flow Rate (Qmax) with a coefficient of correlation rvalue of -0.624. There was also a statistically significant negative correlation between IPSS and Average Flow Rate (Qave): r value of -0.578. Factors found to have affected the correlation between uroflowmetry (Qmax) include: age and duration of symptoms. Total prostate volume and ethnicity did not affect the correlation between IPSS and Qmax. Conclusion: There was strong negative correlation between IPSS and Qmax, and moderate negative correlation between IPSS and Qave. Hence, the IPSS can be used instead of uroflowmetry if latter is unavailable. Keywords: Benign Prostatic Enlargement; International Prostate Symptom Score; uroflowmetry; Maximum Flow rate (Qmax); Average Flow rate (Qave).

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