AIM: To determine the pre-operative conjunctival bacteria flora and their antibiotic susceptibility among patients scheduled for cataract surgery in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study of patients scheduled for cataract surgery in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu. One hundred and four qualified and consented cataract patients were recruited from 5th June to 15th September 2017. The participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, medical and social history, and medical laboratory findings were recorded in a structured questionnaires/proforma. Conjunctival swab was obtained from the inferior fornix of the eye scheduled for cataract surgery maintaining aseptic measures using a sterile swab stick and transported to medical laboratory for inoculation within 30 minutes onto three culture media:- blood agar, nutrient agar and MacConkey agar aimed at optimal isolation. Susceptibility tests were carried out on the following antibiotics:- Aminoglycosides: gentamicin, neomycin and tobramycin. Quinolones:- ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Penicillins, Cephalosporins:- cefuroxime and ceftazidime. Others:- polymyxin B, chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Antibiotics were selected based on being applicable for prophylactic and or treatment of eye infection, representative of different groups of antibiotics and availability in our environment, including old and recent products. The statistical package used to analyze the data collected was International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS) version 23. RESULT The conjunctival swab bacteria isolation rate from one hundred and four recruited scheduled cataract patients was 36.5%. Gram positive bacteria accounted for 73.7% of the total isolates and specifically coagulase negative Staphylococcus were the most frequent isolated bacteria and accounted for 34.2% of the total isolates. Statistically significant increased bacteria growth was found in patients age 61 years or above, p value = 0.02. Male sex, illiteracy, resident in rural areas and tobacco intake were found to be associated with increased bacterial isolation but was not statistically significant at P < 0.05. Use of topical medications:-anti-glaucoma, antihistamine and artificial tear were found to have reduced bacteria growth significantly p value = 0.03.