BACKGROUND: Infertility has been a thing of concern through the ages, and it remains a significant clinical problem even today. It affects 10-20% of couples and studies have shown that approximately 30-40% of cases of infertility are accounted for by male factor, and up to 2% of the entire male population exhibit suboptimal sperm parameters. Several factors have been reported to influence semen quality and notable among them are abstinence duration and frequency of ejaculation. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effect of duration of sexual abstinence on semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, vitality, and morphology by comparing these same parameters between semen samples obtained after three days of abstinence versus one day of abstinence. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional analytical study. A total of 81 male partners of women attending the gynaecology clinic on account of infertility were recruited into the study. They had semen collection on two separate days, first following three days of sexual abstinence and another one after one day of abstinence. Comparisons were made using paired T tests and Wilcoxon ranked test where applicable while categorical variables were compared using chi-square. Concordance analysis was done to compare both results in each patient using Bland-Altman diagram for continuous variables.