Aim: To determine the causes and pattern of eye diseases in children 0-15 years of age attending the Paediatric unit of the Department of Ophthalmology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria with a view of obtaining data for planning of children eye care in the hospital and in similar hospitals around the area. Method. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All children that met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Visual acuity assessments were done in verbal children using Snellen’s chart, Tumbling E-Chart, picture charts while preferential looking, fixation, objection to occlusion were used for preverbal and verbal patients. Anterior segment examination was done using a loupe or slit lamp biomicroscope as appropriate while posterior segment was examined by direct ophthalmoscopy. Manual refraction was done using streak retinoscope (cycloplegic refraction when required) Result: A total of 12,516 patients attended the Ophthalmology out-patient clinic of the hospital during the 30- month study period (May 2014- Oct. 2016); 1,760 (14.1%) were patients 0- 15 years of age (study population).A total of 448 children were recruited for the study. The male to female ratio M: F was 1.3:1. Allergic conjunctivitis 181 (40.4%), refractive error 42 (9.4%) and infective conjunctivitis 39 (8.7%) were the most common ocular disorders seen. The prevalence of visual impairment was 34.4%.Trauma was the most common cause of uniocular visual impairment. The proportion of blind eyes was 12 (3.1%)