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CATARACT SURGICAL OUTCOME IN ABAK, NIGERIA: A 10-YEAR REVIEW

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Supervisor: DR.U.E. ASANE, DR. JEFF ADEWOLE
Faculty: OPHTHALMOLOGY
Month: 11
Year: 2007

Abstract

The study aimed to determine cataract surgical outcome at Mercy Eye Centre, Abak, performed by experienced eye surgeons not below the rank of a consultant. Cataract surgeries have been performed for several years in Mercy Eye Centre, Abak, by different cadre of eye surgeons, but without any form of auditing, which is contrary to the current trend where emphasis is also placed on outcome of cataract surgery besides the number of surgeries performed. The study was designed to review available medical records of patients aged ≥40 years that had cataract surgery from January 1996 till December 2005 at Mercy Eye Centre Abak in Akwa-Ibom State. The patients whose medical records met the inclusion criteria were admitted into the study. Cataract surgery record form was used to extract patient information from their medical records. A total of 889 patient’s medical records were admitted into the study. The mean age of the study was 61.78 years. The male: female ratio was 1.6:1. Most of the patients were blind pre-operatively and this came to eight hundred and fifteen (91.6%) eyes (Visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye). Extra-capsular cataract surgery was the most common surgical technique performed which was in eight hundred and twenty seven (93.0%) eyes. forty (4.5%) eyes had intra-capsular cataract extraction and 20 (2.5%) with small incision cataract extraction. Six hundred and sixty six (74.9%) eyes had intraocular lens inserted. Cornea edema was a major operative complication (45.1%), followed by uveitis (12.4%) and vitreous loss (11.7%). Visual outcome was slightly better post-operatively. Six hundred and fifty three (73.5%) eye had visual acuity <6/60 as against 94.1% pre-operatively. At ≥12 weeks visual outcome was good in three hundred and thirty nine (38.1%) eyes with corrected visual acuity. The main cause of poor outcome before four weeks post-operatively was due to surgical complications in three hundred eyes (59.9%) and thereafter uncorrected refractive error with one hundred and eighty two eyes (58.7%). Although the physiological outcome obtained was below WHO standard, cataract surgery with intraocular lens implant is on the increase at MEC Abak. The result is encouraging bearing in mind that the facility for biometry was not available in the centre for about nine years of the study time.

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