Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common cause of tubal infertility among women worldwide. Tubal factor infertility is more common in Africa compared to the rest of the world. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of serum Chlamydia antibodies in patients with tubal factor infertility diagnosed by HSG compared to patients with non-tubal factor infertility and correlate the relation between tubal factor infertility and Chlamydia antibodies. Subjects and methods: This was a prospective case control study involving 147 patients with tubal infertility and 147 patients with non-tubal infertility as controls being managed for infertility at the gynaecological clinic, LASUTH between June and December 2016. Ethical approval was sought and granted by the Health Research and Ethics Committee of LASUTH. A semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was administered following informed consent. Five milliliters of venous blood was taken from each participant and tested for lymphogranuloma Venerum (LGV) type 2 broadly reacting antigen of Chlamydia trachomatis. Data gathered from the questionnaires and laboratory were imputed into the computer and analyzed using the SPSS, version 23.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Frequency tables were generated for continous variables and chisquare analysis was used to determine association between variables, with p values <0.05 considered to be statistically significant.