Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnancy predisposes to motherto-child transmission and may cause early neonatal disease with resultant septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia in neonates which is preventable by giving antibiotic prophylaxis to women in labour. Candidates for this prophylaxis are usually determined either by risk factor based screening in labour or by screening with rectal and vaginal cultures between 35 and 37weeks gestation. Objectives: The objectives of the study are to determine the proportion of pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital with identifiable risk factor for GBS colonization and mother-to-child transmission; to ascertaining the proportion of pregnant women with actual colonization from culture and to decide which of the two modalities will be most suitable for the population. Design: Descriptive Cross sectional study. Setting: Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State. Patients/Participants: Two hundred and thirty-four women participated in the study after informed consent with an interviewer administered questionnaire used to collect relevant data. Main Outcome Measures: The presence of risk factors amongst the respondents and the relationship of these to the GBS colonization status of respondents found on culture