Background: Anemia continues to be a public health issue. Iron deficiency anemia is the commonest nutritional cause of anemia. Post partum anemia is as common and clinically significant as prepartum anemia and should be treated. Objective: To determine the incidence, and effect of treatment of postpartum anemia using oral versus intravenous iron. Methodology: A prospective study in which postpartum women with mild to moderate anemia were randomised to two groups within 48 hours of delivery. One group was given oral iron and the other intravenous iron dextran. Response and comparative effects of treatment using either route of administration was assessed at six post partum weeks.